There are three operational sections of mineral water in Borjomi: central (within boundaries of the town), Likani (on the territory of Likani) and Vashlovani-Kvibisi (on the territories of Vashlovani and Kvibisi). There are 9 operative springs in sections that are 1200-1500 m depth. Major characteristic feature of warm (28-33 degrees) mineral water spring in Likani (former settlement, nowadays part

of Borjomi, a neighbourhood in ultimate western part of the town), is a special combination of hydro-carbonates, magnesium and calcium, and large quantities of natural carbonic acid gas providing water flowing from 1500 m depth with unmatched mild taste.

On the bank of river Mtkvari, between mountains in Likani a park with centennial oaks and pine trees was laid out. In the center of the park stands Romanov Palace with decorative plants and small gardens around it. The Palace was projected by architect Leon Benois in 1892-95 under the auspices of the Grand Duke Nikolai Mikhailovich Romanov for his brother, Russian emperor Alexander II, as a

summer mansion. In 1898 with the purpose of electric power supply to the Palace, the first hydro power plant in the Russian empire

on river Borjomula was built. The Palace compound consists of 7 buildings. The main Palace is erected in Mauritanian style and is

noted with its original architectural features – it has different forms from all sides. Palace halls are also arranged in different styles.

Palace was a favorable summer retreat not only for the Romanov family: in Soviet times first leaders of the country used to

come here for holidays, including, but not limited to, Joseph Stalin, who visited Likani in 1951. In the Romanov study which was used

also by Stalin up to the present are preserved two historical nails struck by him personally: one on the desk to hang a cap and another

on the wall for hanging his tunic.

 

Palace of the Russian Viceroy and a park in Likani. Park was laid out in the end of XIX century. Area 45 ha, forest covers 16 ha and garden – 3 ha, and the rest of the space is occupied by decorative plants and support buildings. Park is home to such rare species as Spanish fir-tree, brown beech, silver spruce, red chestnut. Overall, there are more than 250 species of coniferous, deciduous and brushwood plants cultivated in the park. From Likani Palace one can see early feudal age Fortress of Peter built on the rock that belonged to the family of prince Avalishvili.

 

Location: Borjomi

Distance: 160 km away from Tbilisi

Sea level: 1350 m

Landscape: mountainous

Climate: subtropical, winter moderately mild, snowy, mean temperature in January -2 degrees centigrade; summer very warm, mean temperature in August 16 degrees centigrade

Average annual precipitation: 800 mm

Average comparative annual humidity: 65-70%

Annual average number of sunlight hours: 2200 h.

Natural treatment factors: climate of middle mountain and slight mineralization carbohydrate, hydro-carbonate, calcium-sodium, mineral waters containing silicon acid (150 mg/l), arsenic and phosphorus compounds in small quantities with general mineralization of 3,5-4,5 g/dm3;

discharge: 20 thous. l/day

Types of therapy: climate therapy, mineral water application (drinking), balneotherapy procedures (baths, showers, inhalation)

Diseases for treatment: diseases of alimentary tract system, pulmonary TB (active form)